卡拉胶（Carrageen，CAS 9000-07-1），又称鹿角菜胶、角叉菜胶、爱尔兰苔菜胶,是一种从海洋红藻（包括角叉菜属、麒麟菜属、杉藻属及沙菜属等）中提取的多糖的统称，是多种物质的混合物，有ι(Iota),κ(Kappa),λ(Lamda),μ(mu)四种。卡拉胶的名字来源于爱尔兰苔菜（Chondrus crispus, 也被称为角叉菜），角叉菜在爱尔兰语被称为carraigín。1844年，卡拉胶首次从海藻中分离出来。当被用于食品时，在食品的包装上，卡拉胶以欧洲联盟的E编码E407（藻酸盐）表示。
卡拉胶
|
Items |
Specifications |
|
Appearance |
Light and free flowing powder |
|
Loss on Drying |
max. of 12% |
|
PH |
8-11 |
|
Water Viscosity |
>10mPa.s |
|
Water Gel Strength |
Absent |
|
Potassium Gel Strength |
>1200 g/cm2 |
|
As |
max. of 1 mg/kg |
|
Zn |
max. of 50 mg/kg |
|
Pb |
max. of 1 mg/kg |
|
Cd |
max. of 0.1 mg/kg |
|
Hg |
max. of 0.03 mg/kg |
|
Total Plate Count |
max. of 10,000 cfu/g |
|
Total variable mesophilic aerobic |
max. of 5,000 cfu/g |
|
Yeasts and Molds |
max. of 100 cfu/g |
|
Sulphite reducing spores |
absent in 0.1 g |
|
Salmonella |
negative in 25 g |
|
Escherichia coli |
negative in 5 g |
|
Substances insoluble in hot water |
max. of 2.0% |
|
Substances insoluble in acids |
max. of 2.0% |
|
Average Molecular Weight |
min. of 100,000 Daltons |
|
Food insects and their rests |
Absent |
|
Ferromagnetical mechanical impurities |
Absent |
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